Adenine Nucleotides play a major role in cellular metabolism and functions, serving as high-potential phosphate transfer compounds in energy metabolism and as substrates and co-factors for proteins involved in signal transduction. During the last few years definite advancement has been made in elucidating the molecular and genetic aspects of the enzyme involved in oxidative phosphorylation, the so-called FoFl H~-ATP synthase. Non-invasive NMR technologies have been developed to monitor in vivo the energy level of tissues based on determination of the concentrations of adenine nucleotides, phosphate and phosphate esters. Thus it became clear that the capacity of oxidative phosphorylation adapts itself to the ATP demand which changes continuously with the physiological state in various tissues. This is achieved by regulation of the enzyme activity as well as by regulation of its biogenesis. The reversible phosphorylation of proteins is re- cognised as a major regulatory mechanism in eukaryotic as well as in prokaryotic cells for cellular signal transduction and control of gene expression, cell growth, differentation and oncogenesis. The same applies to the role played by cAMP.A further topic of growing interest concerns the discovery of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) superfamily of transport proteins which includes systems of primary importance in medicine such as the multi-drug resistance P glycoprotein, the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and the 70 kd peroxisomal membrane protein. Finally, much attention is being devoted in many laboratories to the molecular structure and role of ATP- modulated channels.

The Mitochondrial H+-ATP Synthase: Polypeptide Subunits, Proton Translocating and Coupling Function Studies on the Structure of the Mitochondrial ATP Synthase Complex and the Mechanism of ATP Synthesis Number, Localisation and Function of the Non-Catalytic Adenine Nucleotide Binding Sites of Mitochondrial F1-ATPase Fluoroaluminum and Fluoroberyllium Complexes as Probes of the Catalytic Sites of Mitochondrial F1-ATPase Regulation of ATP Synthesis in Rat Heart Cells Uncoupling Action of Fatty Acids on Heart Muscle Mitochondria and Submitochondrial Particles is Mediated by the ATP/ADP Antiporter Mitochondrial Function and Biogenesis in Cultured Mammalian Cells without Functional Respiratory Chains Regulation by Adenine Nucleotides, Cyclic Nucleotides and Protein Synthesis of the Maturation of Rat Liver Mitochondrial Functions Inhibition of the Mitochondrial ATPase by Polyborate Anions Designed for Neutron Capture Therapy 31P MR Spectroscopic Studies of Metabolic Lesions in the Liver Mitochondrial Mutations and the Ageing Process Structural and Functional Alterations of Mitochondrial FoF1-ATPsynthase in Various Pathophysiological States Long Range Intramolecular Linked Functions in the Ca2+ Transport ATPase of Intracellular Membranes Synthesis and Characterisation of Radiolabeled Azido-Derivatives of P1, P5-Di(Adenosine-5′)Pentaphosphate for Mapping Studies of Adenylate Kinase Protein Phosphorylation and the Regulation of Sugar Transport in Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria Signal Transduction of the Phosphate Regulon in Escherichia Coli Mediated by Phosphorylation The Protein Kinase C Family in Signal Transduction and Cellular Regulation Structure-Function Studies on the Protein Kinase C Family Members Mechanism of Protein Kinase C-Mediated Signal Transduction Structural Studies on the Protein Kinase C Gene Family α-Tocopherol Inhibits Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Protects Against Arteriosclerosis Protein Kinase C and G Proteins Casein Kinases: An Atypical Class of Ubiquitous and Pleiotropic Protein Kinases Spectrophotometric Assay of Protein Kinases